Abdilah, L. A. (2021). Digital competence and SME transformation in the era of industry 4.0: A systematic review.Journal of Small Business Strategy, 31(2), 45–58.
Al-Qudah, A. A., Al-Omari, Z. S., & Obeidat, B. Y. (2023). Digital HRM systems and employee engagement: Evidence from Southeast Asian SMEs. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 13(1), 88–107. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijhrs.v13i1.20531
Becker, G. S. (1993). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education (3rd ed.). University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.7208/chicago/9780226041223.001.0001
Bondarouk, T. (2021). Digital HRM and the future of organizational learning: Toward human–technology synergy.Human Resource Management Review, 31(4), 100820. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2020.100820
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Sage Publications.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Fadhalah, A. (2021). Perceptions of technology adoption among employees: A qualitative study of digital transition in SMEs. Asian Journal of Business and Management, 9(3), 33–45.
Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., & Buckley, N. (2019). Accelerating digital innovation: The 2020 digital business global executive study. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte Insights.
Kotter, J. P. (2012). Leading change. Harvard Business Review Press.
Lewin, K. (1951). Field theory in social science: Selected theoretical papers. Harper & Row.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Sage Publications.
Marler, J. H., & Parry, E. (2016). Human resource management, strategic involvement, and e-HRM technology.International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(19), 2233–2253. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2015.1091980
Nguyen, T. T., Ngo, L. V., & Ruël, H. (2022). Digital transformation and employee efficiency in Southeast Asian SMEs: The mediating role of HR digital competence. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 60(4), 743–767. https://doi.org/10.1111/1744-7941.12357
OECD. (2023). Empowering SMEs in the digital age: Policies for inclusive transformation. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264231193-en
Purnia, D., Rahmawati, L., & Setiadi, A. (2020). Descriptive qualitative research in organizational behavior studies: A methodological reflection. Indonesian Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 101–112.
Putri, N. L., Handayani, R., & Prabowo, H. (2023). Web-based information systems and data accuracy in SMEs: A human error reduction perspective. International Journal of Information Systems and Management Science, 6(1), 17–29. https://doi.org/10.47577/ijisms.v6i1.3272
Rahim, R., Hassan, N. H., & Abdullah, M. (2023). Digital readiness and technology adoption among Malaysian SMEs: A human-centric approach. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business, 11(1), 55–70.
Santiago, R. J., Dela Cruz, M. C., & Tan, K. L. (2023). Technology adoption and cultural adaptation in Philippine retail SMEs. Asia-Pacific Journal of Innovation in Business, 12(3), 241–256.
Suhari, A., Widodo, T., & Lestari, N. (2022). Observing digital workflow changes in microenterprises: From manual to automated systems. Journal of Technological Innovation and Management, 14(2), 111–127.
Suharyanto, R., Dewi, I., & Fadhillah, N. (2025). Real-time stock management systems for local retail SMEs: Case analysis in Indonesia. Journal of Information Systems Development, 8(1), 12–23.
Suryanto, H., Putra, D., & Rachmawati, T. (2021). Digital transformation readiness in Indonesian SMEs: The role of HR involvement and change management. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 70(6), 1578–1594. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2020-0161
Teo, T. S. H., Srivastava, S. C., & Jiang, L. (2020). Trust and electronic government success: An empirical study in Singapore. Public Management Review, 22(3), 349–372. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2019.1577914
World Bank. (2022). Indonesia digital economy assessment: Empowering inclusive growth through technology. World Bank Group. https://doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648-1798-0